Working principle and maintenance of automobile radiator

The automobile radiator consists of inlet chamber, outlet chamber and radiator core. The coolant flows in the radiator core and the air passes outside the radiator. The hot coolant cools by dissipating heat into the air, while the cold air heats up by absorbing heat from the coolant.

classification

According to the direction of coolant flow in the radiator, the radiator can be divided into vertical flow and cross flow.

According to the structure of the radiator core, the radiator can be divided into the tube plate cooling core, the tube belt cooling core and the plate radiator core.

Automotive radiator is generally divided into water - cooled and air - cooled. The heat dissipation of air-cooled engines depends on the circulation of air to take away the heat so as to achieve the effect of heat dissipation. The outside of the cylinder block of the air-cooled engine is designed to be made into a dense sheet structure to increase the heat dissipation area to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the engine. Compared with the most used water-cooled engines, air-cooled engines have the advantages of light weight and easy maintenance.

The water cooling radiator is responsible for cooling the coolant with high temperature of the engine. The pump's job is to circulate coolant throughout the cooling system; The operation of the fan USES the ambient temperature to blow directly to the radiator, so that the high temperature coolant in the radiator is cooled; A state tank that controls the flow of coolant is used to store coolant.

The material

There are two main types of automotive radiators: aluminum and copper, the former for general passenger vehicles, the latter for large commercial vehicles.

Automotive radiator materials and manufacturing technologies are developing rapidly. Aluminum radiator with its obvious advantage in material lightweight, in the field of cars and light vehicles gradually replace the copper radiator at the same time, copper radiator manufacturing technology and technology has made great progress, copper brazing radiator in passenger cars, engineering machinery, heavy truck engine radiator advantages. The radiator that foreign car sets is aluminium radiator mostly, consider from the Angle that protects environment mainly (especially euramerican country). In new cars in Europe, the proportion of aluminium radiators accounted for an average of 64%. From the perspective of the development prospect of automobile radiator production in China, the aluminum radiators produced by brazing are gradually increasing. Brazed copper radiators are also used in buses, trucks and other engineering equipment.

structure

Automotive radiator is an indispensable part of automotive water - cooled engine cooling system. The automobile radiator structure also ADAPTS to the new development unceasingly.

The core of tubular radiator is composed of many thin cooling tubes and heat sinks, and the cooling tubes mostly adopt oblate cross section to reduce air resistance and increase heat transfer area.

The radiator core shall have sufficient flow area to allow the coolant to pass through, and at the same time shall have sufficient air flow area to allow sufficient air to pass through to take away the heat from the coolant to the radiator. At the same time, there must be enough cooling area to complete the heat exchange between coolant, air and radiator fin.

The tubular radiator is made of corrugated strip and cooling tube arranged by welding.

Compared with the tubular radiator, the tubular radiator can increase the heat dissipation area by about 12% under the same conditions. In addition, the heat dissipation belt can open the holes of similar shutters with disturbed airflow, so as to destroy the adhesion layer of flowing air on the surface of scattered tropics and improve the heat dissipation capacity.

The principle of

The function of the car cooling system is to keep the car in the proper temperature range in all working conditions. The car cooling system has the distinction of air cooling and water cooling. The air as the cooling medium is called the air cooling system, the cooling liquid as the cooling medium is called the water cooling system. Usually, water cooling system consists of water pump, radiator, cooling fan, thermostat, compensation bucket, engine block and water jacket in the cylinder head and other accessories. Among them, the radiator is responsible for the cooling of circulating water, its water pipes and heat sink are mostly made of aluminum, aluminum water pipes are made of flat shape, heat sink with corrugated, pay attention to heat dissipation performance, installation direction perpendicular to the direction of air flow, as far as possible to achieve the wind resistance to be small, cooling efficiency to be high. The coolant flows inside the radiator core and the air passes outside. The hot coolant cools by dissipating heat into the air, and the cold air warms by absorbing the heat released by the coolant, so the radiator is a heat exchanger.

Use and maintenance

1. The radiator shall not be in contact with any acid, alkali or other corrosive properties.

2. It is recommended to use soft water and hard water after softening treatment to avoid internal blockage of radiator and generation of scale.

3, the use of antifreeze, in order to avoid the corrosion of the radiator, please be sure to use regular manufacturers and meet the national standards of the long-term rust antifreeze.

4. In the process of installing the radiator, please do not damage the loose strip (piece) and the damaged radiator to ensure the heat dissipation capacity and sealing.

5, radiator completely put water and then water, to first turn on the engine cylinder water switch, water out, then close, so as to avoid blisters.

6. Water level should be checked at any time during daily use, and water should be added after shutdown for cooling. When adding water, open the cover of the water tank slowly. The body of the operator should be as far away from the water inlet as possible to prevent scalding caused by high-pressure steam spurting from the water inlet.

7, in winter to prevent freezing caused by the phenomenon of broken core, such as long-term parking or indirect parking, should be the water tank cover and water switch, all the water out.

8. The effective environment of spare radiator should be kept ventilated and dry.

9. According to the actual situation, the user shall completely clean the core of the radiator once within 1-3 months. When cleaning, rinse with clean water along the reverse wind direction.

10. The water level gauge shall be cleaned every 3 months or according to the actual situation, and all components shall be removed and cleaned with warm water and non-corrosive detergent.

Maintenance and repair

Automobile radiator as the heat transfer and heat conduction components inside the automobile, plays an important role for the automobile, the material of the automobile radiator is mainly aluminum or copper, the radiator core is its main component, which contains coolant, popular, the automobile radiator is a heat exchanger. And for the maintenance and repair of the radiator, most of the owners are only a little understanding, I will introduce the following daily maintenance and repair of the car radiator.

Radiator and water tank serve as the heat sink device of the car together, with respect to its material character, it is metallic not to be able to resist corrode, so should avoid its and acid base wait for corrosive solution contact, lest suffer damage. For car radiator, the fault that clog is very common, reduce the occurrence of clog, inside should inject soft water, hard water needs to soften hind undertake to inject again, lest produce scale to cause the clog of car radiator. Winter weather is cold, the radiator is easy to freeze expansion frost damaged, so should add antifreeze, avoid the freezing of water. During daily use, the water level should be checked at any time. When adding water to the radiator of the car, the cover of the water tank should be opened slowly. The body of the car owner and other operators should be as far away from the water inlet as possible, so as to avoid the scalding caused by the high-pressure high temperature oil and gas gushing out of the water outlet.