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How do electric car batteries dissipate heat?

发布时间:2019/3/6 10:55:10 分类:Company news

Air cooling and liquid cooling have their own advantages and disadvantages.

Choose gas (air) as the primary advantage of heat transfer medium has: brief structure, light weight, harmful gas can be effectively ventilated, low cost; Disadvantages: low heat transfer coefficient between the battery wall, slow cooling speed, low power. It's more used now.

The main advantages of using liquid as heat transfer medium are: high heat transfer coefficient between the wall of the battery and fast cooling rate; The shortcomings are: high sealing requirements, relatively large quality, repair and maintenance messy, demand water jacket, heat exchanger and other parts, relatively messy structure.


In the practical use of electric bus, due to the large capacity and volume of the battery pack, relatively speaking, the power density is relatively low, so we often choose the air-cooling scheme. The power density of a battery pack for a typical passenger car is much higher. Accordingly, it will have higher requirements for heat dissipation, so water-cooling schemes are becoming more common.

 

Different battery pack structure sensors will be based on the temperature point and requirements. Temperature sensors are placed in the most representative locations where temperature fluctuations are greatest, such as the inlet and outlet of the air and the center of the battery pack. In particular, the highest temperature and lowest temperature, and the center of the battery pack heat accumulation more severe area. This helps keep the battery's temperature under control in a relatively safe environment, preventing overheating and supercooling from posing a risk to the battery.




The other is the function of the battery separator, primarily to separate the positive and negative battery plates in a small space, to avoid a short circuit caused by the touching of the poles, but to ensure that the ions in the electrolyte pass freely between the positive and negative poles. Thus, the diaphragm becomes the central information to ensure the safe operation of lithium ion batteries.




Electrolyte is to cut off the source of combustion, the diaphragm is to improve the heat resistance temperature, and the full cooling is to reduce the battery temperature, to avoid excessive accumulation of heat caused by the battery out of control. If the battery temperature rises sharply to 300℃, even if the membrane does not melt and shorten, the electrolyte itself, the electrolyte and the anode and cathode will also have a violent chemical reaction, releasing gas, forming internal high pressure and explosion, so it is very important to choose the appropriate heat dissipation method.

However, compared with electric buses, electric logistics vehicles, etc., to continue to work under the high temperature barbecue, personal electric car users are still lucky. Facing such a high temperature climate, whether electric cars are still traditional cars, for safety reasons, users should still try to reduce the field work, do not let the car long-term exposure to the sun, about the electric cars to avoid overcharging, try to choose the slow charging method.


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